§ 1.170A-9   Definition of section 170(b)(1)(A) organization.

* * *

(e) Definition of section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization&mdash(1) In general. An organization is described in section 170 (b)(1)(A)(vi) if it is:

(i) A corporation, trust, or community chest, fund, or foundation, referred to in section 170(c)(2) (other than an organization specifically described in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section), and

(ii) A &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization.

For purposes of this paragraph, an organization is publicly supported if it normally receives a substantial part of its support from a governmental unit referred to in section 170(c)(1) or from direct or indirect contributions from the general public. An organization will be treated as being &ldquopublic supported&rdquo if it meets the requirements of either subparagraph (2) or subparagraph (3) of this paragraph. Types of organizations which, subject to the provisions of this paragraph, generally qualify under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) as &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo are publicly or governmentally supported museums of history, art, or science, libraries, community centers to promote the arts, organizations providing facilities for the support of an opera, symphony orchestra, ballet, or repertory drama or for some other direct service to the general public, and organizations such as the American Red Cross or the United Givers Fund.

(2) Determination whether an organization is &ldquopublicly supported” 33 1/3 percent-of-support test. An organization will be treated as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization if the total amount of support which the organization &ldquonormally&rdquo (as defined in subparagraph (4) of this paragraph) receives from governmental units referred to in section 170(c)(1), from contributions made directly or indirectly by the general public, or from a combination of these sources, equals at least 33 1/3 percent of the total support &ldquonormally&rdquo received by the organization. See subparagraphs (6), (7), and (8) of this paragraph for the definition of &ldquosupport.&rdquo The application of this test is illustrated by Example 1 of subparagraph (9) of this paragraph.

(3) Determination whether an organization is &ldquopublicly supported” facts and circumstances test for organizations failing to meet 33 1/3 percent-of-support test. Even if an organization fails to meet the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, it will be treated as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization if it normally receives a substantial part of its support from governmental units, from direct or indirect contributions from the general public, or from a combination of these sources, and meets the other requirements of this subparagraph. In order to satisfy this subparagraph, an organization must meet the requirements of subdivisions (i) and (ii) of this subparagraph in order to establish, under all the facts and circumstances, that it normally receives a substantial part of its support from governmental units or from direct or indirect contributions from the general public, and it must be in the nature of a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization, taking into account the factors described in subdivisions (iii) through (vii) of this subparagraph. The requirements and factors referred to in the preceding sentence with respect to a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization (other than one described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph) are:

(i) Ten percent-of-support limitation. The percentage of support &ldquonormally&rdquo (as defined in subparagraph (4) of this paragraph) received by an organization from governmental units, from contributions made directly or indirectly by the general public, or from a combination of these sources, must be &ldquosubstantial.&rdquo For purposes of this subparagraph, an organization will not be treated as &ldquonormally&rdquo receiving a &ldquosubstantial&rdquo amount of governmental or public support unless the total amount of governmental and public support &ldquonormally&rdquo received equals at least 10 percent of the total support &ldquonormally&rdquo received by such organization. See subparagraphs (6), (7), and (8) of this paragraph for the definition of &ldquosupport.&rdquo

(ii) Attraction of public support. An organization must be so organized and operated as to attract new and additional public or governmental support on a continuous basis. An organization will be considered to meet this requirement if it maintains a continuous and bona fide program for solicitation of funds from the general public, community, or membership group involved, or if it carries on activities designed to attract support from governmental units or other organizations described in section 170 (b)(1)(A)(i) through (vi). In determining whether an organization maintains a continuous and bona fide program for solicitation of funds from the general public or community, consideration will be given to whether the scope of its fundraising activities is reasonable in light of its charitable activities. Consideration will also be given to the fact that an organization may, in its early years of existence, limit the scope of its solicitation to persons deemed most likely to provide seed money in an amount sufficient to enable it to commence its charitable activities and expand its solicitation program.

In addition to the requirements set forth in subdivisions (i) and (ii) of this subparagraph which must be satisfied, all pertinent facts and circumstances, including the following factors, will be taken into consideration in determining whether an organization is &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo within the meaning of subparagraph (1) of this paragraph. However, an organization is not generally required to satisfy all of the factors in subdivisions (iii) through (vii) of this subparagraph. The factors relevant to each case and the weight accorded to any one of them may differ depending upon the nature and purpose of the organization and the length of time it has been in existence.

(iii) Percentage of financial support. The percentage of support received by an organization from public or governmental sources will be taken into consideration in determining whether an organization is &ldquopublicly supported.&rdquo The higher the percentage of support above the 10 percent requirement of subdivision (i) of this subparagraph from public or governmental sources, the lesser will be the burden of establishing the publicly supported nature of the organization through other factors described in this subparagraph, while the lower the percentage, the greater will be the burden. If the percentage of the organization's support from public or governmental sources is low because it receives a high percentage of its total support from investment income on its endowment funds, such fact will be treated as evidence of compliance with this subdivision if such endowment funds were originally contributed by a governmental unit or by the general public. However, if such endowment funds were originally contributed by a few individuals or members of their families, such fact will increase the burden on the organization of establishing compliance with the other factors described in this subparagraph.

(iv) Sources of support. The fact that an organization meets the requirement of subdivision (i) of this subparagraph through support from governmental units or directly or indirectly from a representative number of persons, rather than receiving almost all of its support from the members of a single family, will be taken into consideration in determining whether an organization is &ldquopublicly supported.&rdquo In determining what is a &ldquorepresentative number of persons,&rdquo consideration will be given to the type of organization involved, the length of time it has been in existence, and whether it limits its activities to a particular community or region or to a special field which can be expected to appeal to a limited number of persons.

(v) Representative governing body. The fact that an organization has a governing body which represents the broad interests of the public, rather than the personal or private interests of a limited number of donors (or persons standing in a relationship to such donors which is described in section 4946(a)(1)(C) through (G)) will be taken into account in determining whether an organization is &ldquopublicly supported.&rdquo An organization will be treated as meeting this requirement if it has a governing body (whether designated in the organization's governing instrument or bylaws as a Board of Directors, Board of Trustees, etc.) which is comprised of public officials acting in their capacities as such; of individuals selected by public officials acting in their capacities as such; of persons having special knowledge or expertise in the particular field or discipline in which the organization is operating; of community leaders, such as elected or appointed officials, clergymen, educators, civic leaders, or other such persons representing a broad cross-section of the views and interests of the community; or, in the case of a membership organization, of individuals elected pursuant to the organization's governing instrument or bylaws by a broadly based membership.

(vi) Availability of public facilities or services; public participation in programs or policies. (A) The fact that an organization is of the type which generally provides facilities or services directly for the benefit of the general public on a continuing basis (such as a museum or library which holds open its building and facilities to the public, a symphony orchestra which gives public performances, a conservation organization which provides educational services to the public through the distribution of educational materials, or an old age home which provides domiciliary or nursing services for members of the general public) will be considered evidence that such organization is &ldquopublicly supported.&rdquo

(B) The fact that an organization is an educational or research institution which regularly publishes scholarly studies that are widely used by colleges and universities or by members of the general public will also be considered evidence that such organization is &ldquopublicly supported.&rdquo

(C) Similarly, the following factors will also be considered evidence that an organization is &ldquopublicly supported:&rdquo

(1) The participation in, or sponsorship of, the programs of the organization by members of the public having special knowledge or expertise, public officials, or civic or community leaders;

(2) The maintenance of a definitive program by an organization to accomplish its charitable work in the community, such as slum clearance or developing employment opportunities; and

(3) The receipt of a significant part of its funds from a public charity or governmental agency to which it is in some way held accountable as a condition of the grant, contract, or contribution.

(vii) Additional factors pertinent to membership organizations. The following are additional factors to be considered in determining whether a membership organization is &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo:

(A) Whether the solicitation for dues-paying members is designed to enroll a substantial number of persons in the community or area, or in a particular profession or field of special interest (taking into account the size of the area and the nature of the organization's activities);

(B) Whether membership dues for individual (rather than institutional) members have been fixed at rates designed to make membership available to a broad cross section of the interested public, rather than to restrict membership to a limited number of persons; and

(C) Whether the activities of the organization will be likely to appeal to persons having some broad common interest or purpose, such as educational activities in the case of alumni associations, musical activities in the case of symphony societies, or civic affairs in the case of parent-teacher associations.

See Examples 2 through 5 contained in subparagraph (9) of this paragraph for illustrations of this subparagraph.

(4) Definition of &ldquonormally” general rule&mdash(i) Normally; one-third support test. For purposes of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, an organization will be considered as &ldquonormally&rdquo meeting the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test for its current taxable year and the taxable year immediately succeeding its current year, if, for the 4 taxable years immediately preceding the current taxable year, the organization meets the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph on an aggregate basis.

(ii) Normally; facts and circumstances test. For purposes of subparagraph (3) of this paragraph, an organization will be considered as &ldquonormally&rdquo meeting the requirements of subparagraph (3) of this paragraph for its current taxable year and the taxable year immediately succeeding its current year, if, for the 4 taxable years immediately preceding the current taxable year, the organization meets the requirements of subparagraph (3) (i) and (ii) of this paragraph on an aggregate basis and satisfies a sufficient combination of the factors set forth in subparagraph (3) (iii) through (vii) of this paragraph. In the case of subparagraph (3) (iii) and (iv) of this paragraph, facts pertinent to years preceding 4 taxable years immediately preceding the current taxable year may also be taken into consideration. The combination of factors set forth in subparagraph (3) (iii) through (vii) of this paragraph which an organization &ldquonormally&rdquo must meet does not have to be the same for each 4-year period so long as there exists a sufficient combination of factors to show compliance with subparagraph (3) of this paragraph.

(iii) Special rule. The fact that an organization has &ldquonormally&rdquo met the requirements of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph for a current taxable year, but is unable &ldquonormally&rdquo to meet such requirements for a succeeding taxable year, will not in itself prevent such organization from meeting the requirements of subparagraph (3) of this paragraph for such succeeding taxable year.

(iv) Illustration. The application of subdivisions (i), (ii), and (iii) of this subparagraph may be illustrated by the following example:

Example   X, an organization described in section 170(c)(2), meets the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph in taxable year 1975 on the basis of support received during taxable years 1971, 1972, 1973, and 1974. It therefore &ldquonormally&rdquo meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph for 1975 and 1976, the taxable year immediately succeeding 1975 (the current taxable year). For the taxable year 1976, X is unable to meet the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph on the basis of support received during taxable years 1972, 1973, 1974, and 1975. If X can meet the requirements of subparagraph (3) of this paragraph on the basis of taxable years 1972, 1973, 1974, and 1975, X will meet the requirements of subparagraph (3) of this paragraph for 1977 (the taxable year immediately succeeding 1976, the current taxable year) under subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph. However, if on the basis of both the taxable years 1972 through 1975 and 1973 through 1976, X, fails to meet the requirements of both subparagraphs (2) and (3) of this paragraph, X will not be described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) for 1977. However, X will not be disqualified as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization for taxable year 1976, because it &ldquonormally&rdquo met the requirements of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph on the basis of the taxable years 1971 through 1974, unless the provisions of subdivision (v) of this subparagraph become applicable.

(v) Exception for material changes in sources of support&mdash(A) In general. If for the current taxable year there are substantial and material changes in an organization's sources of support other than changes arising from unusual grants excluded under subparagraph (6)(ii) of this paragraph, then in applying subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph, neither the 4-year computation period applicable to such year as an immediately succeeding taxable year or as a current taxable year shall apply, and in lieu of such computation periods there shall be applied a computation period consisting of the taxable year of substantial and material changes and the 4 taxable years immediately preceding such year. Thus, for example, if there are substantial and material changes in an organization's sources of support for taxable year 1976, then even though such organization meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph based on a computation period of taxable years 1971&ndash74 or 1972&ndash75, such an organization will not meet the requirements of section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) unless it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for a computation period consisting of the taxable years 1972&ndash76. See Example 3 in §1.509(a)&ndash3(c)(6) for an illustration of a similar rule. An example of a substantial and material change is the receipt of an unusually large contribution or bequest which does not qualify as an unusual grant under subparagraph (6)(ii) of this paragraph. See subparagraph (6)(iv)(b) of this paragraph as to the procedure for obtaining a ruling whether an unusually large grant may be excluded as an unusual grant.

(B) Status of grantors and contributors. If as a result of (a) of this subdivision, an organization is not able to meet the requirements of either the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph, or the facts and circumstances test described in subparagraph (3) of this paragraph for its current taxable year, its status (with respect to a grantor or contributor under sections 170, 507, 545(b)(2), 556(b)(2), 642(c), 4942, 4945, 2055, 2106(a)(2), and 2522) will not be affected until notice of change of status under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) is made to the public (such as by publication in the Internal Revenue Bulletin). The preceding sentence shall not apply, however, if the grantor or contributor was responsible for, or was aware of, the substantial and material change referred to in (a) of this subdivision, or acquired knowledge that the Internal Revenue Service had given notice to such organization that it would be deleted from classification as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization.

(C) Reliance by grantors and contributors. A grantor or contributor, other than one of the organization's founders, creators, or foundation managers (within the meaning of section 4946(b)) will not be considered to be responsible for, or aware of, the substantial and material change referred to in (a) of this subdivision, if such grantor or contributor has made such grant or contribution in reliance upon a written statement by the grantee organization that such grant or contribution will not result in the loss of such organization's classification as a publicly supported organization as described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). Such statement must be signed by a responsible officer of the grantee organization and must set forth sufficient information, including a summary of the pertinent financial data for the 4 preceding years, to assure a reasonably prudent man that his grant or contribution will not result in the loss of the grantee organization's classification as a publicly supported organization as described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). If a reasonable doubt exists as to the effect of such grant or contribution, or if the grantor or contributor is one of the organizations' founders, creators, or foundation managers, the procedure set forth in subparagraph (6)(iv)(b) of this paragraph may be followed by the grantee organization for the protection of the grantor or contributor.

(vi) Special rule for new organizations. If an organization has been in existence for at least 1 taxable year consisting of at least 8 months, but for fewer than 5 taxable years, the number of years for which the organization has been in existence immediately preceding each current taxable year being tested will be substituted for the 4-year period described in subdivision (i) or (ii) of this subparagraph to determine whether the organization &ldquonormally&rdquo meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph. However, if subdivision (v)(a) of this subparagraph applies, then the period consisting of the number of years for which the organization has been in existence (up to and including the current year) will be substituted for the 4-year period described in subdivision (i) or (ii) of this subparagraph. An organization which has been in existence for at least 1 taxable year, consisting of 8 or more months, may be issued a ruling or determination letter if it &ldquonormally&rdquo meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for the number of years described in this subdivision. Such an organization may apply for a ruling or determination letter under the provisions of this subparagraph, rather than under the provisions of subparagraph (5) of this paragraph. The issuance of a ruling or determination letter will be discretionary with the Commissioner. See subparagraph (5)(v) of this paragraph as to the initial determination of the status of a newly created organization. This subdivision shall not apply to those organizations receiving an extended advance ruling under subparagraph (5)(iv) of this paragraph.

(vii) Special rule for organizations with existing ruling. This subdivision shall apply to an organization that prior to January 1, 1970, had received a ruling or determination letter which has not been expressly revoked holding the organization to be a publicly supported organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) and with respect to which the facts and circumstances on which the ruling was based have not substantially changed. An organization to which this subdivision applies shall be treated as an or ganization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) for a period not ending prior to 90 days after December 29, 1972. In addition, with respect to a grantor or contributor under sections 170, 507, 545(b)(2), 556(b)(2), 642(c), 4942, 4945, 2055, 2106(a)(2), and 2522, the status of an organization to which this subdivision applies will not be affected until notice of change of status under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) is made to the public (such as by publication in the Internal Revenue Bulletin). The preceding sentence shall not apply if the grantor or contributor had previously acquired knowledge that the Internal Revenue Service had given notice to such organization that it would be deleted from classification as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization.

(viii) Termination of status. For the transitional rules applicable to an organization that is unable to meet the requirements of this paragraph for its first taxable year beginning after December 31, 1969 (as extended by §1.507&ndash2(j)) and wishes to terminate its private foundation status, see §1.507&ndash2(c) (2) and (3).

(ix) Status of ruling. The provisions of this subparagraph do not require an organization to file a new application with the Internal Revenue Service every 2 years in order to maintain or reaffirm its status as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi).

(5) Advance rulings to newly created organizations&mdash(i) In general. A ruling or determination letter that an organization is described in section 170 (b)(1)(A)(vi) will not be issued to a newly created organization prior to the close of its first taxable year consisting of at least 8 months. However, such organization may request a ruling or determination letter that it will be treated as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization for its first 2 taxable years (or its first 3 taxable years, if its first taxable year consists of less than 8 months). For purposes of this section, such 2- or 3-year period, whichever is applicable, shall be referred to as the advance ruling period. Such an advance ruling or determination letter may be issued if the organization can reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph during the advance ruling period. The issuance of a ruling or determination letter will be discretionary with the Commissioner.

(ii) Basic consideration. In determining whether an organization can reasonably be expected (within the meaning of subdivision (i) of this subparagraph) to meet the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for its advance ruling period or extended advance ruling period as provided in subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph, if applicable, the basic consideration is whether its organizational structure, proposed programs or activities, and intended method of operation are such as to attract the type of broadly based support from the general public, public charities, and governmental units which is necessary to meet such tests. The information to be considered for this purpose shall consist of all pertinent facts and circumstances relating to the requirements set forth in subparagraph (3) of this paragraph.

(iii) Status of newly created organizations&mdash(A) Advance ruling. This subdivision shall apply to a newly created organization which has received an advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, or an extended advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph, that it will be treated as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization for its advance or extended advance ruling period. So long as such an organization's ruling or determination letter has not been terminated by the Commissioner before the expiration of the advance or extended advance ruling period, then whether or not such organization has satisfied the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph during such advance or extended advance ruling period, such an organization will be treated as an organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) in accordance with (b) and (c) of this subdivision, both for purposes of the organization and any grantor or contributor to such organization.

(B) Reliance period. Except as provided in (a) and (c) of this subdivision, an organization described in (a) of this subdivision will be treated as an organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) for all purposes other than sections 507(d) and 4940 for the period beginning with its inception and ending 90 days after its advance or extended advance ruling period. Such period will be extended until a final determination is made of such an organization's status only if the organization submits, within the 90-day period, information needed to determine whether it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for its advance or extended advance ruling period (even if such organization fails to meet the requirements of such subparagraph (2) or (3)). However, since this subparagraph does not apply to the tax imposed by section 4940, if it is subsequently determined that the organization was a private foundation from its inception, then the tax imposed by section 4940 shall be due without regard to the advance or extended advance ruling or determination letter. Consequently, if any amount of tax under section 4940 in such a case is not paid on or before the last date prescribed for payment, the organization is liable for interest in accordance with section 6601. However, since any failure to pay such tax during the period referred to in this subparagraph is due to reasonable cause, the penalty under section 6651 with respect to the tax imposed by section 4940 shall not apply.

(C) Grantors or contributors. If a ruling or determination letter is terminated by the Commissioner prior to the expiration of the period described in (b) of this subdivision, for purposes of sections 170, 507, 545(b)(2), 556(b)(2), 642(c), 4942, 4945, 2055, 2106(a)(2), and 2522, the status of grants or contributions with respect to grantors or contributors to such organizations will not be affected until notice of change of status of such organization is made to the public (such as by publication of the Internal Revenue Bulletin). The preceding sentence shall not apply however, if the grantor or contributor was responsible for, or aware of, the act or failure to act that resulted in the organization's loss of classification under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) or acquired knowledge that the Internal Revenue Service had given notice to such organization that it would be deleted from such classification. Prior to the making of any grant or contribution which allegedly will not result in the grantee's loss of classification under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), a potential grantee organization may request a ruling whether such grant or contribution may be made without such loss of classification. A request for such ruling may be filed by the grantee organization with the district director. The issuance of such ruling will be at the sole discretion of the Commissioner. The organization must submit all information necessary to make a determination on the factors referred to in subparagraph (6)(iii) of this paragraph. If a favorable ruling is issued, such ruling may be relied upon by the grantor or contributor of the particular contribution in question for purposes of sections 170, 507, 545(b)(2), 556(b)(2), 642(c), 4942, 4945, 2055, 2106(a)(2), and 2522 and by the grantee organization for purposes of subparagraph (6)(ii) of this paragraph.

(iv) Extension of advance ruling period. (A) The advance ruling period described in subdivision (i) of this subparagraph shall be extended for a period of 3 taxable years after the close of the unextended advance ruling period if the organization so requests, but only if such organization's request accompanies its request for an advance ruling and is filed with a consent under section 6501(c)(4) to the effect that the period of limitation upon assessment under section 4940 for any taxable year within the extended advance ruling period shall not expire prior to 1 year after the date of the expiration of the time prescribed by law for the assessment of a deficiency for the last taxable year within the extended advance ruling period. An organization's extended advance ruling period is 5 taxable years if its first taxable year consists of at least 8 months, or is 6 years if its first taxable year is less than 8 months.

(B) Notwithstanding (a) of this subdivision, an organization which has received or applied for an advance ruling prior to January 29, 1973, may file its request for the 3-year extension within 90 days from such date, but only if it files the consents required in this section.

(C) See subdivision (v) of this subparagraph for the effect upon the initial determination of status of an organization which receives a ruling for an extended advance ruling period.

(v) Initial determination of status. (A) The initial determination of status of a newly created organization is the first determination (other than by issuance of an advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (i) of this subparagraph or an extended advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph) that the organization will be considered as &ldquonormally&rdquo meeting the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for a period beginning with its first taxable year.

(B) In the case of a new organization whose first taxable year is at least 8 months, except as provided for in subdivision (v)(d) of this subparagraph, the initial determination of status shall be based on a computation period of either the first taxable year or the first and second taxable years.

(C) In the case of a new organization whose first taxable year is less than 8 taxable months, except as provided for in subdivision (v)(d) of this subparagraph, the initial determination of status shall be based on a computation period of either the first and second taxable years or the first, second, and third taxable years.

(D) In the case of an organization which has received a ruling or determination letter for an extended advance ruling period under subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph, the initial determination of status shall be based on a computation period of all of the taxable years in the extended advance ruling period. However, where the ruling or determination letter for an extended advance ruling period under subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph is terminated by the Commissioner prior to the expiration of the relevant period described in subdivision (iii)(b) of this subparagraph, the initial determination of status shall be based on a computation period of the period provided in (b) or (c) of this subdivision or, if greater, the number of years to which the advance ruling applies.

(E) An initial determination that an organization will be considered as &ldquonormally&rdquo meeting the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph shall be effective for each taxable year in the computation period plus (except as provided by subparagraph (4)(v)(a) of this paragraph, relating to material changes in sources of support) the 2 taxable years immediately succeeding the computation period. Therefore, in the case of an organization referred to in (b) of this subdivision to which subparagraph (4)(v)(a) of this paragraph does not apply, with respect to its first, second, and third taxable years, such an organization shall be described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) if it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for either its first taxable year or for its first and second taxable years on an aggregate basis. In addition, if it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for its first and second taxable years, it shall be described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) for its fourth taxable year. Once an organization is considered as &ldquonormally&rdquo meeting the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for a period specified under this subdivision, subparagraph (4) (i), (ii), (v), or (vi) of this paragraph shall apply.

(F) The provisions of this subdivision may be illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1.   X, a calendar year organization described in section 501(c)(3), is created in February 1972. The support received from the public in 1972 by X will satisfy the one-third support test described in subparagraph (4)(i) of this paragraph over its first taxable year, 1972. X may therefore get an initial determination that it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph for its first taxable year beginning in February 1972 and ending on December 31, 1972. This determination will be effective for taxable years 1972, 1973, and 1974. Example 2.   Assume the same facts as in Example 1 except that X also receives a substantial contribution from one individual in 1972 which is not excluded from the denominator of the one-third support fraction described in subparagraph (4)(i) of this paragraph by reason of the unusual grant provision of subparagraph (6)(ii) of this paragraph. Because of this substantial contribution, X fails to satisfy the one-third support test over its first taxable year, 1972. X also fails to satisfy the &ldquofacts and circumstances&rdquo test described in subparagraph (4)(ii) of this paragraph for its first taxable year, 1972. However, the support received from the public over X's first and second taxable years in the aggregate will satisfy the one-third support test. X may therefore get an initial determination that it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph for its first and second taxable years in the aggregate beginning in February 1972 and ending on December 31, 1973. This determination will be effective for taxable years 1972, 1973, 1974, and 1975. Example 3.   Y, a calendar year organization described in section 501(c)(3), is created in July 1972. Y requests and receives an extended advance ruling period of 5 full taxable years plus its initial short taxable year of 6 months under subparagraph (5)(iv) of this paragraph. The extended advance ruling period begins in July 1972 and ends on December 31, 1977. The support received from the public over Y's first through sixth taxable years in the aggregate will satisfy the one-third support test described in subparagraph (4)(i) of this paragraph. Therefore, Y in 1978 may get an initial determination that it meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) of this paragraph in the aggregate over all the taxable years in its extended advance ruling period beginning in July 1972 and ending on December 31, 1977. This determination will be effective for taxable years 1972 through 1979. Example 4.   Assume the same facts as in Example 3 except that the ruling for the extended advance ruling period is terminated prospectively at the end of 1975, so that Y may not rely upon such ruling for 1976 or any succeeding year. The support received from the public over Y's first through fourth taxable years (1972 through 1975) will not satisfy either the one-third support test described in subparagraph (4)(i) of this paragraph, or the &ldquofacts and circumstances&rdquo test described in subparagraph (4)(ii) of this paragraph. Because the ruling was terminated the computation period for Y's initial determination of status is the period 1972 through 1975. Since Y has not met the requirements of either subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for such computation period, Y is not described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) for purposes of its initial determination of status. If Y is not described in section 170(b)(1)(A) (i) through (v) or section 509(a) (2), (3), or (4), then Y is a private foundation. As of 1976, Y shall be treated as a private foundation for all purposes (except as provided in subdivision (iii)(c) of this subparagraph with respect to grantors and contributors), and as of July 1972 for purposes of the tax imposed by section 4940 and for purposes of section 507(d) (relating to aggregate tax benefit).

(vi) Failure to obtain advance ruling. (A) Unless a newly created organization has obtained an advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, or an extended advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph, that it will be treated as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization for its advance or extended advance ruling period, it cannot rely upon the possibility it will meet the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for a taxable year which begins before the close of either applicable computation period provided for in subdivision (v) (b) or (c) of this subparagraph. Therefore, such an organization, in order to avoid the risk of subsequently being determined to be a private foundation because of failure to qualify under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) and therefore under section 509(a)(1), may comply with the rules applicable to private foundations and may pay, for example, the tax imposed by section 4940. In that event, if the organization subsequently meets the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for either applicable computation period, it shall be treated as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization from its inception and, therefore, any tax imposed under chapter 42 shall be refunded and section 509(b) shall not apply.

(B) If a newly created organization fails to obtain an advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, or an extended advance ruling or determination letter under subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph, and fails to meet the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for the first applicable computation period provided for in subdivision (v) (b) or (c) of this subparagraph, see section 6651 for penalty for failure to file return and pay tax.

(6) Definition of support; meaning of general public&mdash(i) In general. In determining whether the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test described in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph or the 10 percent-of-support limitation described in subparagraph (3)(i) of this paragraph is &ldquonormally&rdquo met, contributions by an individual, trust; or corporation shall be taken into account as &ldquosupport&rdquo from direct or indirect contributions from the general public only to the extent that the total amount of the contributions by any such individual, trust, or corporation during the period described in subparagraph (4) (i), (ii), (v), or (vi) or (5)(v) of this paragraph does not exceed 2 percent of the organization's total support for such period, except as provided in subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph. Therefore, any contribution by one individual will be included in full in the denominator of the fraction determining the 33 1/3 percent-of-support or the 10 percent-of-support limitation, but will only be includible in the numerator of such fraction to the extent that such amount does not exceed 2 percent of the denominator. In applying the 2 percent limitation, all contributions made by a donor and by any person or persons standing in a relationship to the donor which is described in section 4946(a)(1) (C) through (G) and the regulations thereunder shall be treated as made by one person. The 2 percent limitation shall not apply to support received from governmental units referred to in section 170(c)(1) or to contributions from organizations described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), except as provided in subdivision (v) of this subparagraph. For purposes of subparagraphs (2), (3)(i) and (7)(ii)(b) of this paragraph, the term &ldquoindirect contributions from the general public&rdquo includes contributions received by the organization from organizations (such as section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organizations) which normally receive a substantial part of their support from direct contributions from the general public, except as provided in subdivision (v) of this subparagraph. See the examples in subparagraph (9) of this paragraph for the application of this subdivision. For purposes of this paragraph (e), the term contributions includes qualified sponsorship payments (as defined in §1.513&ndash4) in the form of money or property (but not services).

(ii) Exclusion of unusual grants. For purposes of applying the 2 percent limitation described in subdivision (i) of this subparagraph to determine whether the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph or the 10 percent-of-support limitation in subparagraph (3)(i) of this paragraph is satisfied, one or more contributions may be excluded from both the numerator and the denominator of the applicable percent-of-support fraction if such contributions meet the requirements of subdivision (iii) of this subparagraph. The exclusion provided by this subdivision is generally intended to apply to substantial contributions or bequests from disinterested parties which contributions or bequests:

(A) Are attracted by reason of the publicly supported nature of the organization;

(B) Are unusual or unexpected with respect to the amount thereof; and

(C) Would, by reason of their size, adversely affect the status of the organization as normally being publicly supported for the applicable period described in subparagraph (4) or (5) of this paragraph.

In the case of a grant (as defined in §1.509(a)&ndash3(g)) which meets the requirements of this subdivision, if the terms of the granting instrument (whether executed before or after 1969) require that the funds be paid to the recipient organization over a period of years, the amount received by the organization each year pursuant to the terms of such grant may be excluded for such year. However, no item of gross investment income may be excluded under this subparagraph. The provisions of this subparagraph shall apply to exclude unusual grants made during any of the applicable periods described in subparagraph (4), (5), or (6) of this paragraph. See subdivision (iv) of this subparagraph as to reliance by a grantee organization upon an unusual grant ruling under this subparagraph.

(iii) Determining factors. In determining whether a particular contribution may be excluded under subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph all pertinent facts and circumstances will be taken into consideration. No single factor will necessarily be determinative. For some of the factors similar to the factors to be considered, see §1.509(a)&ndash3(c)(4).

(iv) Grantors and contributors. (A) As to the status of grants and contributions which result in substantial and material changes in the organization (as described in subparagraph (4)(v)(a) of this paragraph) and which fail to meet the requirements for exclusion under subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph, see the rules prescribed in subparagraph (4)(v) (b) and (c) of this paragraph.

(B) Prior to the making of any grant or contribution which will allegedly meet the requirements for exclusion under subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph, a potential grantee organization may request a ruling whether such grant or contribution may be so excluded. Requests for such ruling may be filed by the grantee organization with the district director. The issuance of such ruling will be at the sole discretion of the Commissioner. The organization must submit all information necessary to make a determination on the factors referred to in subdivision (iii) of this subparagraph. If a favorable ruling is issued, such ruling may be relied upon by the grantor or contributor of the particular contribution in question for purposes of sections 170, 507, 545(b)(2), 556(b)(2), 642(c), 4942, 4945, 2055, 2106(a)(2), and 2522 and by the grantee organization for purposes of subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph.

(v) Grants from public charities. Pursuant to subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, contributions received from a governmental unit or from a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization are not subject to the 2 percent limitation described in that subdivision unless such contributions represent amounts which have been expressly or impliedly earmarked by a donor to such governmental unit or section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization as being for, or for the benefit of, the particular organization claiming section 170 (b)(1)(A)(vi) status. See §1.509(a)&ndash3 (j)(3) for examples illustrating the rules of this subdivision.

(7) Definition of support; special rules and meaning of terms&mdash(i) Definition of support. For purposes of this paragraph, the term support shall be as defined in section 509(d) (without regard to section 509(d)(2)). The term &ldquosupport&rdquo does not include:

(A) Any amounts received from the exercise or performance by an organization of its charitable, educational, or other purpose or function constituting the basis for its exemption under section 501(a). In general, such amounts include amounts received from any activity the conduct of which is substantially related to the furtherance of such purpose or function (other than through the production of income), or

(B) Contributions of services for which a deduction is not allowable.

For purposes of the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph and the 10 percent-of-support limitation in subparagraph (3)(i) of this paragraph, all amounts received which are described in (a) or (b) of this division are to be excluded from both the numerator and the denominator of the fractions determining compliance with such tests, except as provided in subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph.

(ii) Organizations dependent primarily on gross receipts from related activities. Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, an organization will not be treated as satisfying the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test in subparagraph (2) of this paragraph or the 10 percent-of-support limitation in subparagraph (3)(i) of this paragraph if it receives:

(A) Almost all of its support (as defined in section 509(d)) from gross receipts from related activities; and

(B) An insignificant amount of its support from governmental units (without regard to amounts referred to in subdivision (i)(a) of this subparagraph) and contributions made directly or indirectly by the general public.

For example X, an organization described in section 501(c)(3), is controlled by A, its president. X received $500,000 during the 4 taxable years immediately preceding its current taxable year under a contract with the Department of Transportation, pursuant to which X has engaged in research to improve a particular vehicle used primarily by the Federal Government. During this same period, the only other support received by X consisted of $5,000 in small contributions primarily from X's employees and business associates. The $500,000 amount constitutes support under section 509(d)(2) and 509(d)(2)(a) of this subdivision. Under these circumstances, X meets the conditions of (a) and (b) of this subdivision and will not be treated as meeting the requirements of either subparagraph (2) or subparagraph (3) of this paragraph. As to the rules applicable to organizations which fail to qualify under section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) because of the provisions of this subdivision, see section 509(a)(2) and the regulations thereunder. For the distinction between gross receipts (as referred to in section 509(d)(2)) and gross investment income (as referred to in section 509(d)(4)), see §1.509(a)&ndash3(m).

(iii) Membership fees. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term &ldquosupport&rdquo shall include &ldquomembership fees&rdquo within the meaning of §1.509(a)&ndash3(h) (that is, if the basic purpose for making a payment is to provide support for the organization rather than to purchase admissions, merchandise, services, or the use of facilities).

(8) Support from a governmental unit. (i) For purposes of subparagraphs (2) and (3)(i) of this paragraph, the term &ldquosupport from a governmental unit&rdquo includes any amounts received from a governmental unit, including donations or contributions and amounts received in connection with a contract entered into with a governmental unit for the performance of services or in connection with a Government research grant. However, such amounts will not constitute &ldquosupport from a governmental unit&rdquo for such purposes if they constitute amounts received from the exercise or performance of the organization's exempt functions as provided in subparagraph (7)(i)(a) of this paragraph.

(ii) For purposes of subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, any amount paid by a governmental unit to an organization is not to be treated as received from the exercise or performance of its charitable, educational, or other purpose or function constituting the basis for its exemption under section 501(a) (within the meaning of subparagraph (7)(i)(a) of this paragraph) if the purpose of the payment is primarily to enable the organization to provide a service to, or maintain a facility for, the direct benefit of the public (regardless of whether part of the expense of providing such service or facility is paid for by the public), rather than to serve the direct and immediate needs of the payor. For example:

(A) Amounts paid for the maintenance of library facilities which are open to the public.

(B) Amounts paid under Government programs to nursing homes or homes for the aged in order to provide health care or domiciliary services to residents of such facilities, and

(C) Amounts paid to child placement or child guidance organizations under Government programs for services rendered to children in the community, are considered payments the purpose of which is primarily to enable the recipient organization to provide a service or maintain a facility for the direct benefit of the public, rather than to serve the direct and immediate needs of the payor. Furthermore, any amount received from a governmental unit under circumstances such that the amount would be treated as a &ldquogrant&rdquo within the meaning of §1.509(a)&ndash3(g) will generally constitute &ldquosupport from a governmental unit&rdquo described in this subdivision, rather than an amount described in subparagraph (7)(i)(a) of this paragraph.

(9) Examples. The application of subparagraphs (1) through (8) of this paragraph may be illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1. (a)   M is an organization referred to in section 170(c)(2). For the years 1970 through 1973 (the applicable period with respect to the taxable year 1974 under subparagraph (4) of this paragraph), M received support (as defined in subparagraphs (6) through (8) of this paragraph) of $600,000 from the following sources:

(b) Under these circumstances, O does not meet the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test under subparagraph (2) of this paragraph for its current year since it has received only 25 percent of its total support for the applicable 4-year period from the general public. However, under the facts set forth above, O has met the 10 percent-of-support limitation under subparagraph (3)(i), as well as the requirements of subparagraph (3)(ii), of this paragraph. Under all of the facts set forth in this example, O is considered as meeting the requirements of subparagraph (3) of this paragraph on the basis of satisfying subparagraph (3) (i) and (ii) of this paragraph and the factors set forth in subparagraph (3) (iii), (iv), (v), and (vi) of this paragraph, and is therefore classified as a &ldquopublicly supported organization&rdquo under subparagraph (1) of this paragraph for its current taxable year and the immediately succeeding taxable year (there being no substantial and material changes in the organization's character, purposes, methods of operation, or sources of support in these years).

Example 4.   (a) In 1960, the P Philharmonic Orchestra was organized in Z City through the combined efforts of a local music society and a local women's club to present to the public a wide variety of musical programs intended to foster music appreciation in the community. P is an organization referred to in section 170(c)(2). The orchestra is composed of professional musicians who are paid by the association. Twelve performances open to the public are scheduled each year. A small admission charge is made for each of these performances. In addition, several performances are staged annually without charge. During its 4 most recent taxable years, P has received separate contributions of $200,000 each from A and B (not members of a single family) and support of $120,000 from the Z Community Chest, a public federated fundraising organization operating in Z City. P depends on these funds in order to carry out its activities and will continue to depend on contributions of this type to be made in the future. P has also begun a fundraising campaign in an attempt to expand its activities for the coming years. P is governed by a Board of Directors comprised of five individuals. A faculty member of a local college, the president of a local music society, the head of a local banking institution, a prominent doctor, and a member of the governing body of the local chamber of commerce currently serve on the Board and represent the interests and views of the community in the activities carried on by P.

(b) With respect to P's current taxable year, P's sources of support are computed on the basis of the 4 immediately preceding years, as follows:

(e) If, instead of the above facts, P were a newly created organization, P could obtain a ruling pursuant to subparagraph (5) of this paragraph by reason of its purposes, organizational structure and proposed method of operation. Even if P had initially been founded by the contributions of a few individuals, such fact would not, in and of itself, disqualify P from receiving a ruling under subparagraph (5) of this paragraph.

Example 5.   (a) Q is an organization referred to in section 170(c)(2). It is a philanthropic organization founded in 1965 by A for the purpose of making annual contributions to worthy charities. A created Q as a charitable trust by the transfer of $500,000 worth of appreciated securities to Q.

Pursuant to the trust agreement, A and two other members of his family are the sole trustees and are vested with the right to appoint successor trustees. In each of its four most recent taxable years, Q received $15,000 in investment income from its original endowment. Each year Q makes a solicitation for funds by operating a charity ball at A's residence. Guests are invited and requested to make contributions of $100 per couple. During the 4-year period involved, $15,000 was received from the proceeds of these events. A and his family have also made contributions to Q of $25,000 over the course of the organization's 4 most recent taxable years. Q makes disbursements each year of substantially all of its net income to the public charities chosen by the trustees.

(b) With respect to Q's current taxable year, Q's sources of support are computed on the basis of the 4 immediately preceding years as follows:

(e) If, instead of the above facts, Q were a newly created organization, Q would not be able to receive a ruling pursuant to subparagraph (5) of this paragraph. Its purposes, organizational structure, and method of operation would be insufficient to establish that Q could reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of subparagraph (2) or (3) of this paragraph for its first 2 or its first 5 taxable years.

(10) Community trusts; introduction. Community trusts have often been established to attract large contributions of a capital or endowment nature for the benefit of a particular community or area, and often such contributions have come initially from a small number of donors. While the community trust generally has a governing body comprised of representatives of the particular community or area, its contributions are often received and maintained in the form of separate trusts or funds, which are subject to varying degrees of control by the governing body. To qualify as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization, a community trust must meet the 33 1/3 percent-of-support test of paragraph (e)(2) of this section, or, if it cannot meet that test, be organized and operated so as to attract new and additional public or governmental support on a continuous basis sufficient to meet the facts and circumstances test of paragraph (e)(3) of this section. Such facts and circumstances test includes a requirement of attraction of public support in paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this section which, as applied to community trusts will generally satisfied, if they seek gifts and bequests from a wide range of potential donors in the community or area served, through banks or trust companies, through attorneys or other professional persons, or in other appropriate ways which call attention to the community trust as a potential recipient of gifts and berquests made for the benefit of the community or area served. A community trust is not required to engage in periodic, community-wide, fund-raising campaigns directed toward attracting a large number of small contributions in a manner similiar to campaigns conducted by a community chest or united fund. Paragraph (e) (12) and (13) of this section provide a transitional ruling period for certain community trusts in existence before November 11, 1976 that had irregular public support, so that they can meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based on the 4-year computation period described in paragraph (e)(4) of this section. Paragraph (e)(11) of this section provides rules for determining the extent to which separate trusts or funds may be treated as component parts of a community trust, fund or foundation (herein collectively referred to as a &ldquocommunity trust&rdquo, and sometimes referred to as an &ldquoorganization&rdquo) for purposes of meeting the requirements of this paragraph for classification as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization. Paragraph (e)(14) of this section contains rules for trusts or funds which are prevented from qualifying as component parts of a community trust by paragraph (e)(11) of this section.

(11) Community trusts; requirements for treatment as a single entity&mdash(i) General rule. For purposes of sections 170, 501, 507, 508, 509, and Chapter 42, any organization that meets the requirements contained in paragraph (e)(11) (iii) through (iv) of this section will be treated as a single entity, rather than as an aggregation of separate funds, and except as otherwise provided, all funds associated with such organization (whether a trust, not-for-profit corporation, unincorporated association, or a combination thereof) which meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(ii) of this section will be treated as component parts of such organization.

(ii) Component part of a community trust. In order to be treated as a component part of a community trust referred to in paragraph (e)(11) of this section (rather than as a separate trust or not-for-profit corporation or association) a trust or fund:

(A) Must be created by a gift, bequest, legacy, devise, or other transfer to a community trust which is treated as a single entity under paragraph (e)(11) of this section; and

(B) May not be directly or indirectly subjected by the transferor to any material restriction or condition (within the meaning of §1.507&ndash2(a)(8) with respect to the transferred assets.

For purposes of paragraph (e)(11)(ii)(B) of this section, if the transferor is not a private foundation, the provisions of §1.507&ndash2(a)(8) shall be applied to the trust or fund as if the transferor were a private foundation established and funded by the person establishing the trust or fund and such foundation transferred all its assets to the trust or fund. Any transfer made to a fund or trust which is treated as a component part of a community trust under paragraph (e)(11)(ii) of this section will be treated as a transfer made &ldquoto&rdquo a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo community trust for purposes of section 170(b)(1)(A) and 507(b)(1)(A) if such community trust meets the requirements of section 170(b)(10(A)(vi) as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization at the time of the transfer, except as provided in §1.170A&ndash9(e)(4)(v)(b) or §1.508&ndash1(b) (4) and (6) (relating, generally, to reliance by grantors and contributors). See, also, paragraph (e)(14) (ii) and (iii) of this section for special provisions relating to split-interest trusts and certain private foundations described in section 170(b)(1)(E)(iii).

(iii) Name. The organization must be commonly known as a community trust, fund, foundation or other similar name conveying the concept of a capital or endoment fund to support charitable activities (within the meaning of section 170(c)(1) or (2)(B)) in the community or area it serves.

(iv) Common instrument. All funds of the organization must be subject to a common governing instrument or a master trust or agency agreement (herein referred to as the &ldquogoverning instrument&rdquo), which may be embodied in a single document or several documents containing common language. Language in an instrument of transfer to the community trust making a fund subject to the community trust's governing instrument or master trust or agency agreement will satisfy the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(iv) of this section. In addition, if a community trust adopts a new governing instrument (or creates a corporation) to put into effect new provisions (applying to future transfers to the community trust), the adoption of such new governing instrument (or creation of a corporation with a governing instrument) which contains common language with the existing governing instrument shall not preclude the community trust from meeting the requirements of such paragraph (e)(11)(iv).

(v) Common governing body. (A) The organization must have a common governing body or distribution committee (herein referred to as the &ldquogoverning body&rdquo) which either directs or, in the case of a fund designated for specified beneficiaries, monitors the distribution of all of the funds exclusively for charitable purposes (within the meaning of section 170(c) (1) or (2)(B)).

For purposes of this (v) a fund is designated for specified beneficiaries only if no person is left with the discretion to direct the distribution of the fund.

(B) Powers of modification and removal. Except as provided in paragraph (e)(11)(v)(C) of this section, the governing body must have the power in the governing instrument, the instrument of transfer, the resolutions or by-laws of the governing body, a written agreement, or otherwise&mdash

(1) To modify any restriction or condition on the distribution of funds for any specified charitable purposes or to specified charitable purposes or to specified organizations if in the sole judgment of the governing body (without the necessity of the approval of any participating trustee, custodian, or agent), such restriction or condition becomes, in effect, unnecessary, incapable of fulfillment, or inconsistent with the charitable needs of the community or area served;

(2) To replace any participating trustee, custodian, or agent for breach of fiduciary duty under State law; and

(3) To replace any participating trustee, custodian, or agent for failure to produce a reasonable (as determined by the governing body) return of net income (within the meaning of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(F) of this section) over a reasonable period of time (as determined by the governing body).

The fact that the exercise of any such power in paragraph (e)(11)(v)(B) (1), (2) or (3) of this section is reviewable by an appropriate State authority will not preclude the community trust from meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(B) of this section.

(C) Transitional rule. (1) Notwithstanding paragraph (e)(11)(v)(B) of this section, if a community trust meets the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(C)(2) of this section, then in the case of any instrument of transfer which is executed before July 19, 1977 and is not revoked or amended thereafter (with respect to any dispositive provision affecting the transfer to the community trust), and in the case of any instrument of transfer which is irrevocable on January 19, 1982, the governing body must have the power to cause proceedings to be instituted (by request to the appropriate State authority):

(i) To modify any restriction or condition on the distribution of funds for any specified charitable purposes or to specified organizations if in the judgment of the governing body such restriction or condition becomes, in effect, unnecessary, incapable of fulfillment, or inconsistent with the charitable needs of the community or area served; and (ii) To remove any participating trustee, custodian, or agent for breach of fiduciary duty under State law.

The necessity for the governing body to obtain the approval of a participating trustee to exercise such a power shall be treated as not preventing the governing body from having such power, unless (and until) such approval has been (or is) requested by the governing body and has been (or is) denied.

(2) Paragraph (e)(11)(v)(C)(1) of this section shall not apply unless the community trust meets the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(B) of this section, with respect to funds other than those under instruments of transfer described in the first sentence of such paragraph (e)(11)(v)(C)(1), by January 19, 1978, or such later date as the Commissioner may provide for such community trust, and unless the community trust does not, once it so complies, thereafter solicit for funds that will not qualify under the requirements of such paragraph (e)(11)(v)(B).

(D) Inconsistent State law. (E T='03'>1) For purposes of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(B) (1), (2), or (3 or (C)(1) (i) or (ii) or (E) of this section, if a power described in such a provision is inconsistent with State law even if such power were expressly granted to the governing body by the governing instrument and were accepted without limitation under an instrument of transfer, then the community trust will be treated as meeting the requirements of such a provision if it meets such requirements to the fullest extent possible consistent with State law (if such power is or had been so expressly granted).

(2) For example, if, under the conditions of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(D)(1) of this section, the power to modify is inconsistent with State law, but the power to institute proceedings to modify if so expressly granted, would be consistent with State law, the community trust will be treated as meeting such requirements to the fullest extent possible if the governing body has the power (in the governing instrument or otherwise) to institute proceedings to modify a condition or restriction. On the other hand, if in such a case the community trust has only the power to cause proceedings to be instituted to modify a condition or restriction, it will not be treated as meeting such requirements to the fullest extent possible.

(3) In addition, if, for example, under the conditions of paragraph (e)(11)(v)(D)(1) of this section, the power to modify and the power to institute proceedings to modify a condition or restriction is inconsistent with State law, but the power to cause such proceedings to be instituted would be consistent with State law, if it were expressly granted in the governing instrument and if the approval of the State Attorney General were obtained, then the community trust will be treated as meeting such requirements to the fullest extent possible if it has the power (in the governing instrument or otherwise) to cause such proceedings to be instituted, even if such proceedings can be instituted only with the approval of the State Attorney General.

(E) Exercise of powers. The governing body shall (by resolution or otherwise) commit itself to exercise the powers described in paragraph (e)(11)(v) (B), (C) and (D) of this section in the best interests of the community trust. The governing body will be considered not to be so committed where it has grounds to exercise such a power and fails to exercise it by taking appropriate action. Such appropriate action may include, for example, consulting with the appropriate State authority prior to taking action to replace a participating trustee.

(F) Reasonable return. In addition to the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(v) (B), (C), (D) or (E) of this section, the governing body shall (by resolution or otherwise) commit itself to obtain information and take other appropriate steps with the view to seeing that each participating trustee, custodian, or agent, with respect to each restricted (within the meaning of paragraph (e)(13)(x) of this section) trust or fund that is, and with respect to the aggregate of the unrestricted trusts or funds that are, a component part of the community trust, administers such trust or fund in accordance with the terms of its governing instrument and accepted standards of fiduciary conduct to produce a reasonable return of net income (or appreciation where not inconsistent with the community trust's need for current income), with due regard to safety of principal, in furtherance of the exempt purposes of the community trust (except for assets held for the active conduct of the community trust's exempt activities). In the case of a low return of net income (and, where appropriate, appreciation), the Internal Revenue Service will examine carefully whether the governing body has, in fact, committed itself to take the appropriate steps.

(vi) Common reports. The organization must prepare periodic financial reports treating all of the funds which are held by the community trust, either directly or in component parts, as funds of the organization.

(vii) Transitional rule. If the governing instrument of a community trust (or an instrument of transfer) is inconsistent with the requirements of paragraph (e)(11) (iv) or (v) of this section but with respect to gifts or bequests acquired before January 1, 1982, the community trust changes its governing instrument (or instrument of transfer) by the later of November 11, 1977, or one year after the gift or bequest is acquired, in order to conform such instruments to such provisions, then such an instrument shall be treated as consistent with paragraph (e)(11) (iv) or (v) of this section for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1969. In addition, if prior to the later of such dates, the organization has instituted court proceedings in order to conform such an instrument, then it may apply (prior to the later of such dates) for an extension of the period to conform such instrument to such provisions. Such application shall be made to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Attention: E:EO, Washington, DC 20224. The Commissioner, at the Commissioner's discretion, may grant such an extension, if in the Commissioner's opinion such a change will conform the instrument to such provisions and will be made within a reasonable time.

(12) Community trusts qualifying for 5-year transitional ruling period&mdash(i) In general. Paragraph (e) (12) and (13) of this section contain transitional rules for certain community trusts in existence before November 11, 1976 which are unable to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 4-year computation period under paragraph (e)(4) of this section. A community trust that satisfies the requirements of paragraph (e)(12)(ii) of this section will be eligible for a transitional ruling or determination letter that it will be treated as a section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) organization for a 5-year transitional ruling period (referred to in this section as &ldquotransitional ruling or determination letter&rdquo). These transitional rules apply to:

(A) A community trust which has been in existence less than 9 taxable years before November 11, 1976; and

(B) Other community trusts that for each taxable year beginning after December 31, 1969, and before January 1, 1978, qualify as &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo under paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a computation period of either:

(1) 10 taxable years, or

(2) The number of taxable years (but not more than 20 nor less than 10) preceding such taxable year that the organization was in existence.

For special rules in applying the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon such computation periods, see paragraph (e)(12)(v) of this section. For purposes of paragraph (e)(12) of this section the initial taxable year of the 5-year transitional ruling period (hereinafter referred to as the &ldquotransitional ruling period&rdquo) shall be the organization's taxable year beginning in 1977, and (unless terminated earlier) the last year of the transitional ruling period is the organization's taxable year which begins in 1981.

(ii) Transitional 5-year ruling. (A) If a community trust meets the requirements of paragraph (e) (11), (12) and (13) of this section and can reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section:

(1) For each of its taxable years (if such a year begins after its tenth taxable year) beginning in 1978, 1979, 1980 and 1981 based upon a 10-year computation period, and

(2) For its taxable year beginning in 1982 based upon a 4-year computation period under paragraph (e)(4) of this section;

it may, at the discretion of the Commissioner, receive a transitional ruling or determination letter for the transitional ruling period.

(B)(1) However, if for the taxable year beginning in 1977, a community trust can meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(12)(i)(B) of this section only by using the computation period of its existence described in paragraph (e)(12)(i)(B)(2) of this section, then the community trust may meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(12)(ii)(A)(1) of this section if it is reasonably expected to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for each of its taxable years beginning in 1978, 1979, 1980 and 1981 based upon a computation period consisting of the number of taxable years (but not more than 20 nor less than 10) preceding such taxable year that the organization was in existence.

(2) In the case of a community trust that will not have been in existence more than ten taxable years as of its taxable year beginning in 1981, a transitional ruling or determination letter for the transitional ruling period will not be granted unless the community trust can reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for its taxable year beginning in 1982 based upon a 4-year computation period under paragraph (e)(4) of this section and also a computation period consisting of the taxable years the organization has been in existence (other than the organization's taxable year beginning in 1982).

(C) A community trust that is eligible for a transitional ruling or determination letter must apply with the district director for such ruling or determination letter within one year after November 11, 1976. A transitional ruling or determination letter will be granted only if the requesting organization files with its request for such ruling or determination letter a consent letter under section 6501(c)(4) to the effect that the period of limitation upon assessment under section 4940 for all taxable years beginning before January 1, 1982 during the transitional ruling period shall not expire prior to 1 year after the date of the expiration of the time prescribed by law for the assessment of a deficiency for its taxable year beginning in 1981. The provisions of paragraph (e)(5)(iii) of this section (relating to reliance upon ruling) shall apply with respect to a community trust which receives a transitional ruling or determination letter and with respect to its grantors and contributors, expect that the transitional ruling period described in paragraph (e)(12)(ii) of this section shall be substituted for the advance ruling period described in paragraph (e)(5) (i) or (iv) of this section.

(D) A community trust does not have to meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(13) of this section for taxable years beginning prior to the date of its application for a transitional ruling or determination letter or for any taxable year beginning after the expiration or termination of its transitional ruling or determination letter. In applying paragraph (e)(13) of this section to organizations applying for a transitional ruling or determination letter, paragraph (e)(13) (x) and (xii) of this section (relating to unrestricted gifts and excess holdings, respectively) shall be applied without regard to assets acquired prior to November 11, 1976. In addition, if within 1 year from acquiring any asset, the community trust removes any restriction inconsistent with paragraph (e)(13) of this section, such asset shall be treated as if it were not subject to such restriction as of the time it was acquired. Since under paragraph (e)(12)(ii)(D) of this section, a community trust does not have to meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(13) of this section for taxable years beginning prior to the date of its application for the transitional ruling or determination letter, then if the community trust makes such application in its taxable year beginning 1977 and it terminates such ruling or determination letter in such year as well, such a community trust does not have to meet such requirements for any taxable year.

(E) After the transitional ruling or determination letter of an organization has expired or been terminated under paragraph (e)(12)(iii) of this section, the organization must qualify as a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization pursuant to the rules set forth in paragraph (e) (1) through (11) of this section. Thus, since the transitional ruling period of a community trust expires with its taxable year beginning in 1981, for its taxable year beginning in 1982 and thereafter, the community trust must meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon the 4-year computation period under paragraph (e)(4) of this section.

(iii) Termination of transitional ruling. (A) The transitional ruling or determination letter issued under this paragraph is subject to termination under paragraph (e)(12)(iii) (B) or (D) of this section without a request from the organization. In addition, such a ruling or determination letter is subject to termination under paragraph (e)(12)(iii)(E) of this section at the request of the organization. A transitional ruling or determination letter is subject to termination for any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1976, and before January 1, 1982, under paragraph (e)(12)(iii) (B), (D) or (E) of this section.

(B) The transitional ruling or determination letter issued under this paragraph shall be terminated for any taxable year (if such a year begins after its tenth taxable year) beginning in 1978, 1979, 1980 or 1981 for which a community trust receiving such a ruling or determination letter fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for a 10-year computation period, except as provided in paragraph (e)(12)(iii)(C) of this section.

(C) In applying paragraph (e)(12)(iii)(B) of this section to a community trust described in paragraph (e)(12)(ii)(B)(1) of this section, a computation period consisting of the number of taxable years (but not more than 20 nor less than 10) preceding such taxable year that the organization has been in existence shall be substituted for the 10-year computation period until the first taxable year beginning in 1978, 1979, 1980 or 1981 that the community trust can meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 10-year computation period.

(D) The Commissioner may, at the discretion of the Commissioner, terminate the transitional ruling or determation letter of any community trust for any taxable year beginning prior to January 1, 1982, for which the organization fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (11), (12) or (13) of this section as provided in paragraph (e)(12)(ii) of this section.

(E) A community trust may request an immediate termination of the community trust's transitional ruling or determination letter in order that, for the current taxable year, it may be determined if such community trust meets the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 4-year computation period under paragraph (e)(4) of this section. Such a request shall be granted and the transitional ruling or determination letter terminated only if the community trust meets such requirements, and in the case of an organization that has been in existence less than 11 taxable years at the time of such request, the organization also meets the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for the computation period consisting of the taxable years that the organization has been in existence.

(iv) Initial determination of status. (A) The initial determination of status of a community trust is the first determination (other than by issuance of an advance ruling or determination letter under paragraph (e)(5) or a transitional ruling or determination letter under paragraph (e)(12)(ii) of this section) that the community trust will be considered as &ldquonormally&rdquo meeting the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for a period beginning with its first taxable year.

(B)(1) In the case of a community trust described in paragraph (e)(12)(i)(B) of this section, the initial determination of status shall be made for the community trust's taxable year beginning in 1977 if such community trust has met the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for its taxable year beginning in 1977, based upon a 10-year computation period.

(2) In the case of any other community trust described in paragraph (e)(12)(i)(B) of this section (but not described in paragraph (e)(12)(iv) (B)(1) of this section), the initial determination of status shall be made for its first taxable year beginning after December 31, 1976 and before January 1, 1982, for which it meets the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 10-year computation period (if the community trust has received a transitional ruling or determination letter that has not been terminated before such taxable year).

(C) In the case of a community trust described in paragraph (e)(12)(i)(A) of this section (relating to an organization in existence less than 9 taxable years) that reaches its 11th taxable year before its taxable year beginning in 1982, its initial determination of status a 10-year computation period (if it has received a transitional ruling or determination letter that has not been terminated before such taxable year).

(D) If a community trust has not received an initial determination of status shall be for its 11th taxable year based upon prior to the expiration or termination of its transitional ruling period, the initial determination of status shall be made:

(1) In the case of an expiration, for the taxable year beginning in 1982, or

(2) In the case of a termination, for the last taxable year of the terminated transitional period.

Based upon a 4-year computation period under paragraph (e)(4) of this section. In the case of an organization that has been in existence less than 11 taxable years at such time, the initial determination of status shall also be based upon a computation period consisting of the taxable years it has been in existence. For example, if the initial determination of status (for an organization that has been in existence for at least 11 taxable years) is made for its taxable year beginning in 1982, then, except as provided in paragraph (e)(4)(v) of this section (relating to exception for material changes of support), such determination shall be based upon a 4-year computation period ending with the taxable year beginning in 1980 or 1981 (treating the taxable year beginning in 1982, as the subsequent year or current year, respectively).

On the other hand, if, for example, the transitional ruling or determination letter is terminated in the taxable year beginning in 1980, then, except as provided in such paragraph (e)(4)(v), the initial determination of status shall be made for the taxable year beginning in 1980 based upon the 4-year computation period ending with the taxable year beginning in 1978 or 1979.

(v) Special rules&mdash(A) Consequences of organization failing to meet requirements at end of transitional period. If upon the expiration (or termination) of the transitional period an organization with a transitional ruling or determination letter fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon the 4-year computation period of paragraph (e)(4) of this section, it shall not be treated as an organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) for its taxable year beginning in 1982 (or for the last taxable year of its terminated transitional period, as the case may be). If, by reason of failing to qualify as an organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), such organization becomes a private foundation, then the organization will be a private foundation for its taxable year beginning in 1982 (or the last taxable year of its terminated transitional period, as the case may be) and all subsequent taxable years, unless and until it terminates its status under section 507. In addition, such an organization is a private foundation for all taxable years beginning prior to its taxable year beginning in 1982 (or for the last taxable year of the terminated transition period, as the case may be), except:

(1) That if the organization had received an initial determination of status that it met the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section, then the organization will be treated as &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo for the taxable years to which the initial determination of status is effective, as well as for all taxable years beginning after the last of such years and before January 1, 1982, for which the organization consecutively meets the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 10-year computation period,

(2) That in the case of an organization that has reached its tenth taxable year of existence before January 1, 1970, if the organization has not received an initial determination of status prior to its taxable year beginning in 1982, then the organization will be treated as &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo for each taxable year beginning before January 1, 1977, that the organization, beginning with the taxable year beginning in 1970, consecutively met the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 10-year computation period, or

(3) That in the case of an organization whose 11th taxable year of its existence began after December 31, 1970 and before January 1, 1977, if the organization has not received an initial determination of status prior to its taxable year beginning in 1982, but the organization for its 11th taxable year of existence met the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 10-year computation period, then the organization will be treated as &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo for the first 12 taxable years of its existence. In addition, such an organization will be so treated for its 13th taxable year and each subsequent taxable year (if such a year begins before January 1, 1977) that the organization, beginning with its 12th taxable year, consecutively met the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section based upon a 10-year computation period.

(4) To the extent provided in paragraph (e)(4)(vii) of this section (relating to special rule for organization with existing rulings), §1.508&ndash1(b) (relating to notice that an organization is not a private foundation) or §1.509(a)&ndash7 (relating to reliance by grantors and contributors to section 509(a) (1), (2), and (3) organizations).

(B) Computation period. In applying the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section to a 10-year or other computation period under paragraph (e) (12) or (13) of this section, such 10-year or other computation period shall be substituted for the 4-year computation period of paragraph (e)(4) of this section. Thus, for example, an organization will (except as provided in paragraph (e)(4)(v) of this section relating to exemption for material changes in sources of support) meet the &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo test of this paragraph for the taxable year beginning in 1977 based upon a 10-year computation period, if it met the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for a computation period consisting of either the taxable years beginning in the years 1966 through 1975 or the years 1967 through 1976, since under paragraph (e)(4) of this section, meeting the requirements for a computation period is effective for the current taxable year and the immediately succeeding taxable year. However, in substituting a 10-year or other computation period for the 4-year computation period of paragraph (e)(4) of this section, the rules of such paragraph (e) (4) and (6) apply, including the 2-percent limitation under paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this section and the exclusion for unusual grants under paragraph (e)(6)(ii) of this section. In applying such provisions, the fact that the computation period is other than a 4-year computation period shall be taken into account, so that, for example, the 2-percent limitation shall be applied, in the case of a 10-year computation period, with reference to 2 percent of the organization's total support for the 10-year computation period rather than a 4-year computation period.

In addition, in substituting a 10-year or other computation period for purposes of paragraph (e)(3) of this section, all of the facts and circumstances referred to in such paragraph (e)(3) shall be considered with respect to such period, viewing such period as a whole. See, also, paragraph (e)(10) of this section with respect to the organization being organized and operated to attract public support.

(C) First taxable year of less than 8 months. In the case of an organization whose first taxable year consisted of less than 8 months, in order to coordinate the rules of paragraph (e)(12) of this section with the rules of paragraph (e)(5) of this section, in applying the rules of paragraph (e)(12) of this section, such an organization shall be treated as organized at the beginning of its succeeding taxable year, so that such succeeding taxable year shall be treated as its first taxable year of existence. However, the support received for the period preceding such succeeding taxable year shall be taken into account with the support received in such succeeding taxable year.

(13) Community trusts; requirements for 5-year transitional ruling period&mdash(i) In general. In order for a community trust to be eligible for a transitional ruling or determination letter for the transitional ruling period under paragraph (e)(12) of this section, it must establish that it is organized, and will be operated, in such manner that it can reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(13) of this section, and can reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section, for each taxable year during and immediately following the transitional ruling period, as provided in paragraph (e)(12)(ii) of this section. In determining whether an organization can reasonably be expected to meet the requirements of paragraph (e) (2) or (3) of this section for each such taxable year, the basic consideration is whether its organizational structure, proposed programs or activities, and intended method of operation are such as to attract the type of broadly based support from the general public, public charities, and governmental units which is necessary to meet such tests. The information to be considered for this purpose shall consist of all pertinent facts and circumstances relating to the requirements set forth in paragraph (e)(3) of this section. For purposes of meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(13) of this section, a community trust may, prior to its application for a transitional ruling or determination letter under paragraph (e)(12)(i)(C) of this section, adopt a resolution stating that, as a matter of policy, it will attempt to meet the conditions set forth in paragraph (e)(13) of this section during the transitional ruling period. A community trust will not be treated as failing to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (e)(13) of this section merely because the governing body, or any of its trustees, agents, or custodians, fails to meet one or more of the requirements contained in paragraph (e)(13) (ii) through (xiii) of this section by reason of isolated and nonrepetitive acts. However, any continuing pattern on the part of the governing body, or its trustees, agents or custodians, indicating a continued and repetitive failure to comply with a policy of meeting such requirements will result in termination of the transitional ruling or determination letter under paragraph (e)(12)(iii)(D) of this section.

(ii) Area. The community trust is organized and operated exclusively to carry out charitable purposes (within the meeting of section 170(c) (1) or (2)(B)) primarily within a broad geographical area which it serves, such as a municipality, county, metropolitan area, State or region.

(iii) General composition of governing body. The governing body must represent the board interests of the public rather than the personal or private interests of a limited number of donors. An organization will be treated as meeting this requirement if it has a governing body comprised of public officials acting in their capacities as such; individuals selected by public officials acting in their capacities as such; persons having special knowledge or expertise in a particular field or discipline in which the community trust operates; community leaders, such as elected or appointed officials, clergymen, educators, civic leaders; or other such persons representing a broad cross-section of the views and interests of the area served.

(iv) Rules for governing body. With respect to terms of office beginning after the date of the application of the community trust for a transitional ruling or determination letter:

(A) Its governing body is comprised of members who may serve a period of not more than ten consecutive years;

(B) Upon completion of a period of service (beginning before or after such date) no person may serve within a period consisting of the lesser of 5 years or the number of consecutive years the member has immediately completed serving;

(C) Persons who would be described in section 4946(a)(1) (A) or (C) through (G) if the community trust were a private foundation do not constitute more than one-third of its governing body; and

(D) Representatives of banks or trust companies which serve as trustees, investment managers, custodians, or agents, plus persons described in paragraph (e)(13)(iv)(C) of this section, do not constitute a majority of the governing body.

No term of office beginning on or before the date of such application may continue for more than 10 years from such date.

(v) Fiduciary responsibility. Fiduciary responsibility with respect to the funds of the community trust is imposed, either by the master trust or agency agreement or by State law, on either its governing body or its trustee banks or trust companies or both.

(vi) Ultimate control of assets. Neither its governing body, nor any of its trustees, investment managers, custodians or agents may be subjected by any donor to the community trust to any material condition or restriction within the meaning of §1.507&ndash2(a)(8) which would prevent it from exercising ultimate control over its assets.

(vii) Administration. Administration and investment of all gifts and bequests are accomplished through:

(A) A governing body which directly holds, administers or invests such gifts and bequests exclusively for charitable purposes;

(B) Banks or trust companies (acting or appointed as trustees), investment managers, custodians or agents of the community trust or one or more components thereof; or

(C) A combination of such persons.

(viii) Annual distributions. It makes annual distributions for purposes described in section 170(c) (1) or (2)(B), including administrative expenses and amounts paid to acquire an asset used (or held for use) directly in carrying out one or more of such purposes, in an amount not less than its adjusted net income (as defined in section 4942(f)). For purposes of paragraph (e)(13)(viii) of this section, the term &ldquodistributions&rdquo shall include amounts set aside for a specific project, but only if prior to making the set-aside the organization has, pursuant to a request for a ruling, established to the satisfaction of the Commissioner that:

(A) The amount will be paid for the specific project within 5 years; and

(B) The project is one which can be better accomplished by such set-aside than by immediate distribution of funds.

All annual distributions required to be made pursuant to paragraph (e)(13)(viii) of this section, except for set-asides, must be made no later than the close of the organization's first taxable year after the taxable year for which the adjusted net income is computed. Thus, in the case of a calendar year community trust which has received a transitional ruling or determination letter upon an application made in 1977, it must make distributions under paragraph (e)(13)(vii) of this section for 1978, 1979, 1980 and 1981 based upon its adjusted net income for 1977, 1978, 1979 and 1980, respectively, unless its transitional ruling or determination letter is terminated. If such a community trust's transitional ruling or determination letter is terminated in 1979, it must make distributions under paragraph (e)(13)(viii) of this section only for 1978 based upon its adjusted net income for 1977. On the other hand, if such ruling or letter is terminated in 1977 or 1978, no distribution under paragraph (e)(13)(viii) of this section need be made.

(ix) Net income. The community trust's funds must, on an aggregate basis, be invested to produce an annual adjusted net income (as defined in section 4942(f)) of not less than two-thirds of what would be its minimum investment return (within the meaning of section 4942(e)) if such organization were a private foundation.

(x) Unrestricted gifts. At least one-half of the total income which the community trust derives from the investment of gifts and bequests received must be unrestricted (within the meaning of this (x)) with respect to its availability for distribution by the governing body. For purposes of this (x), any income which has been designated by the donor of the gift or bequest to which such income is attributable as being available only for the use or benefit of a broad charitable purpose, such as the encouragement of higher education or the promotion of better health care in the community, will be treated as unrestricted. However, any income which has been designated for the use or benefit of a named charitable organization or agency or for the use or benefit of a particular class of charitable organizations or agencies, the members of which are readily ascertainable and are less than five in number, will be treated as restricted.

(xi) Self-dealing. The community trust may not engage in any act with any person (other than a foundation manager acting only in such capacity) which would constitute self-dealing within the meaning of section 4941 if such community trust were a private foundation.

(xii) Excess holdings. The community trust must dispose of any holdings which would constitute excess business holdings (within the meaning of section 4943&mdashapplied on a component-by-component basis as if each component were a private foundation, except that components will be combined for purposes of this paragraph if such components would have been described in section 4946(a)(1)(H)(ii)).

(xiii) Expenditure responsibility. The community trust must exercise expenditure responsibility (within the meaning of section 4945(h)) through either its governing body, trustees, investment managers, custodians, or agents with respect to any grant which would otherwise constitute a taxable expenditure under section 4945(d)(4) if the community trust were a private foundation, except that it need not make the reports required of private foundations by section 4945(h)(3).

(14) Community trusts; treatment of trusts and not-for-profit corporations and associations not included as components. (i) For purposes of sections 170, 501, 507, 508, 509 and Chapter 42, any trust or not-for-profit corporation or association which is alleged to be a component part of a community trust, but which fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(ii) of this section, shall not be treated as a component part of a community trust and, if a trust, shall be treated as a separate trust and be subject to the provisions of section 501 or section 4947(a) (1) or (2), as the case may be. If such organization is a not-for-profit corporation or association, it will be treated as a separate entity, and, if it is described in section 501(c)(3), it will be treated as a private foundation unless it is described in section 509(a) (1), (2), (3), or (4). Any transfer made in connection with the creation of such separate trust or not-for-profit organization, or to such entity, will not be treated as being made &ldquoto&rdquo the community trust or one of its components for purposes of sections 170(b)(1)(A) and 507(b)(1)(A) even though a deduction with respect to such transfer is allowable under §1,170&ndash1(e), §20.2055&ndash2(b), or §25.2522(a)&ndash2(b), unless such treatment is permitted under §1.170A&ndash9(e)(4)(v)(b) or §1.508&ndash1(b)(4). In the case of a fund which is ultimately treated as not being a component part of a community trust pursuant to paragraph (e)(14) of this section, if the Forms 990 filed annually by the community trust included financial information with respect to such fund and treated such fund in the same manner as other component parts thereof, such returns filed by the community trust prior to the taxable year in which the Commissioner notifies such fund that it will not be treated as a component part will be treated as its separate return for purpose of Subchapter A of Chapter 61 of Subtitle F, and the first such return filed by the community trust will be treated as the notification required of the separate entity for purposes of section 508(a).

(ii) If a transfer is made in trust to a community trust to make income or other payments for a period of a life or lives in being or a term of years to any individual or for any noncharitable purpose, followed by payments to or for the use of the community trust (such as in the case of a charitable remainder annuity trust or a charitable remainder unitrust described in section 664 or a pooled income fund described in section 642(c)(5)), such trust will be treated as a component part of the community trust upon the termination of all intervening noncharitable interests and rights to the actual possession or enjoyment of the property if such trust satisfies the requirements of paragraph (e)(11) of this section at such time. Until such time, the trust will be treated as a separate trust. If a transfer is made in trust to a community trust to make income or other payments to or for the use of the community trust, followed by payments to any individual or for any noncharitable purpose, such trust will be treated as a separate trust rather than as a component part of the community trust. See section 4947(a)(2) and the regulations thereunder for the treatment of such split-interest trusts. The provisions of this (ii) only provide rules for determining when a charitable remainder trust or pooled income fund may be treated as a component part of a community trust and are not intended to preclude a community trust from maintaining a charitable remainder trust or pooled income fund. Thus, for purposes of grantors and contributors, a pooled income fund of a &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo community trust shall be treated no differently than a pooled income fund of any other &ldquopublicly supported&rdquo organization.

(iii) An organization described in section 170(b)(1)(E)(iii) will not ordinarily satisfy the requirements of paragraph (e)(11)(ii) of this section because of the unqualified right of the donor to designate the recipients of the income and principal of the trust. Such organization will therefore ordinarily be treated as other than a component part of a community trust under paragraph (e)(14)(i) of this section. However, see section 170(b)(1)(E)(iii) and the regulations thereunder with respect to the treatment of contributions to such organizations.

Last updated: February 18, 2004